The Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria Essay - 794 Words

My research topic will explore the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, also known as (ISIS). I chose this topic because it has been an ongoing issue recently along with being a hot and dangerous topic. Picking this topic will help me exploit my audience and grab their attention. Before choosing this topic, I didn’t know very much about it until I did some research and realized how dangerous this Islamic group really is. During my argument I will argue how ISIS has divided countries and have caused mass destruction along with bloodshed. In my paper I hope to persuade my audience from joining ISIS and what we can do to help control the on going issue in Syria and Iraq. I envision my audience being my entire English 104 class; I believe most of them or if not all of them will support my claim. My fellow classmates will agree with my argument because its ISIS is fighting for the wrong reason and acting out violently across the world. My audience can expect my writing style to be ve ry convincing, very well detailed, supporting my argument, and also a paper that flows. In my research essay, I will include multiple questions relating to my topic that will allow me to support my argument. †¢ How much will the war cost? The Iraq War was supposed to be cheap because we weren’t supposed to be there that long. Unfortunately we did the complete opposite. Officials said that we weren’t suppose to spend more than 50-60 billion dollars there but now officials have estimated that we spentShow MoreRelatedThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1702 Words   |  7 Pagesinto a post-Al Qaeda era in the Middle East, a new threat has emerged from the ashes of the 2003 invasion of Iraq and later in the 2011 war in Syria. The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS, ISIL or Daesh) has rapidly become the most pressing foreign policy concern in the Middle East for the United States. In the last four years, Daesh has gathered swaths of territory in both Iraq and Syria, although it has been driven back thanks to coalition efforts to counter the group. The coalition in placeRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1388 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is a new extremist organization that rivals even al -Qaeda (Be auchamp 1). This terror group is named the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria., or in short, ISIS. Three years ago, ISIS did not exist but now it controls parts of Iraq and Syria and has made its own state. Terror organizations like al-Qaeda are merely terrorists groups while ISIS has captured and created their own state. ISIS is a well developed organization that has shown their handiwork repeatedly on social media and YouTube (KhederyRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Background: The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) came to power a decade ago as a small terrorist threat that grew out of the terrorist organization Al Qaeda. When the United States began to pull its troops in the Middle East, Iraq leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, took advantage of the unstable government and reinvigorated ISIS. In just this past year, ISIS has shown us that it is more powerful than Al Qaeda by conquering oil fields and territory in Iraq and Syria with the hopes of creatingRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1746 Words   |  7 Pages The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is the newer and more intimidating version of the famous terrorist group Al Qaeda. The group makes an appearance in the news almost every day. Over the past couple of years, they have multiplied in numbers. Not limited only to the Middle East, there are people all over the world who have proclaimed allegiance to ISIS. The Islamic extremist group has set out to destroy anything or anyone that comes in their way or do not agree with what they stand for. InRead MoreIslamic State Of Iraq And Syria1629 Words   |  7 Pages Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a military and political organization which is mainly led by nationals of Iraq and Syria. ISIS has committed crimes of unimaginable cruelty in Syria and Iraq but the international criminal court (ICC) does not have the power to open a case, according to Fatou Bensouda. The court was unable to prosecute because neither Syria nor Iraq were members of ICC. (ICC, 2015) Crimes which have been reported, consist of mass executions, sexual slavery, rape and otherRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Syria And Iraq2191 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The Islamic State of Syria and Iraq (ISIS) is a radical terrorist organization which has separated itself from other terrorist organizations through its scope of violence, ability and pervasive rhetoric. Since its rise to prominence, the group has caused both localized and international turmoil and loss of civilian life. Despite the ardent failure of the United Nations and its member states to recognize the Islamic state as a legitimate state, ISIS has managed to control and establishRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Syria And Iraq1699 Words   |  7 PagesISIS; the Islamic State of Syria and Iraq better known for their mass killings, terrorist attacks, and intense regime. This group was founded in 1999, and was created by people who were former Al Qaeda members. ISIS is a group of terrorists with members positioned all over the world to carry out with mass killings. The members have been radicalized to believe irrational thoughts of killing harmless human beings. The whole world is aware of the issue, and knows that this terrorist group needsRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1308 Words   |  6 PagesCanada Should Participate in the Global Coalition to Fight ISIS The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) has made headlines throughout the globe this past year with their atrocities against religious minorities and determination to create an Islamic caliphate. They have expressed, throughout, that their primary objective is to establish a Salafist government over the Levant region of Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Cyprus, and Southern Turkey(†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). The group controls hundreds of square miles, whereRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1647 Words   |  7 Pages The Legend on Modernist Terrorism The radical Islamic terrorist organization, recently re-titled â€Å"the Islamic State†, has existed under several names since the 1990s. Its history is an epic of how modern terrorism progressed from a religious and political ideal into an obliterating cult. The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a properly-armed group that is a threat to the global security. ISIS, whose merciless members delight in murdering innocent people, must be destroyed beforeRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1592 Words   |  7 Pages The radical Islamic terrorist organization, recently re-titled â€Å"the Islamic State,† has existed under several names since the 1990s. Its history is an epic of how modern terrorism progressed from a religious and political ideal into an obliterating cult. The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a properly-armed group that is a threat to the global security. ISIS, whose merciless members delight in murdering innocent people, must be destroyed before its fanatical followers carry out further

Impact of the US Civil War - 1825 Words

The Civil War in the United States was one of the most significant events in the history of the country. This is due not only to the outcome it provided, but more importantly to the actual events that took place during the war, the aspects it dealt with, and the questions it raised concerning humanity, courage, democracy, human rights, slavery, unity and union. Throughout the war, the causes, the tactics, and the context changed. Further, the motivation of the soldiers fighting in both armies changed in a decisive manner. Despite all, this remains one of the bloodiest events in the history of the American states. The Civil War had numerous causes; however, they were related to the increasing tensions existing between the northern and the southern states. These revolved around the idea of the acceptance of slavery as a useful institution and a necessary one. However, the issue of the Civil War also gave birth to a series of issues that came to question the unity of the nation because there was the matter of each state being able to decide for itself in the matter of slavery. Nonetheless, while states in the north questioned the morality and necessity of slave workers, the south considered it to be the cornerstone of their economic prosperity. At this point the split had been created. In this sense, after the end of the war, Lincoln underlined the actual reason for going to war in the first place we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that thisShow MoreRelatedDiscuss the Political, Social, and Economic Impact of the Civil War on the Us.729 Words   |  3 PagesThe costs of the Civil War were enormous. The total number of military causalities on both sides exceeded 1 million. More men died in the Civil War than in all other American wars combined until Vietnam. However, the Civil War impacted the United States well beyond just deaths. The Civil war brought fundamental alterations in the life of the nation, changing the economy, the political landscape, as well as ways of life. Economically, wartime measures had introduced new federal involvement inRead MorePost World War II: Effects and Changes in America1524 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction World War II brought several changes to the world and specifically America. It not only changed the world map but also set impact on the behaviours. WWII played a major role in building turning points during different periods. Before WWII, African Americans were not offered equal rights in the community. It was considered an impossible thing that African could ever do a white collar or even a blue collar job. However, soon after the WWII, there came a turning point in the lives of AfricanRead MoreTime Line 21050 Words   |  5 Pagesmost by the New England colonies, this was called â€Å"Triangle Trade (Wikipedia, n.d.).† | 2) The socio-cultural impact of the abolitionist movement including: a) The effect of Uncle Tom’s Cabin b) The Kansas-Nebraska Act c) The Compromise of 1850 d) The Underground Railroad | 1800-1870 | a. a book that describes how slaves were treated that helped fuel the civil war.b. allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allowRead MoreThe Shaping Of Our Country1092 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent factors, each contributing to it in their own way. Four of the major pivot points that occurred consists of: Jeffersonian democracy, Jacksonian democracy, Civil War/Reconstruction, Revolution/Constitution. However one of them happened to be the most impacting which was the Civil War and Reconstruction. The American Civil War occurred during 1861 to 1865, lasting only five years. America’s bloodiest clash resulting in the death of approximately 620,000 Americans and millions more were injuredRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Vietnam War967 Words   |  4 Pagessignificance, 1968 has the distinction of being a year in which civil unrest, social progress, and the state of change were the norm, and featured events that affected not only America, but the world as a whole. With the condition of America at the time, society was going through changes that would go on to have massive impact on how the world would progress, with some of these events having effects years afterwards. The Vietnam War had been going on for nine years up to this point, and the eventsRead MoreEli Whitney : The Inventor Of The Cotton Gin1639 Words   |  7 Pagesseparation would require a hundred workmen for several months† (Piercy, 95). 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What was the government’s involvementRead MoreAdvancements in Med-Care since the Civil War Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Civil War often gets credit for ending slavery and reshaping the federal government in this country. But the war between the states has another, often overlooked legacy: It may have started a new era in modern medicine† (â€Å"Civil War Medicine Quotes†). Contamination of medical equipment, poor sanitation methods, and lack of efficient medical procedures all led to the spread of disease, which resulted in death. However, modern medicine has significantly improved from the Civil War, due to itsRead MoreWarfare During World War I1472 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Civil War and the start of World War I. Within those years numerous technological advancements took place. Many of those advancements directly impacted the warfare in the First World War. The Civil War, also referred to as the first modern war, gave way to an even more modern ized style of warfare used during World War I. Much of this modernized technology of warfare had a great impact on how tactics and strategies were used throughout the First World War. Toward the beginning of the Civil WarRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act Of 1964879 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 37th President of the US, Johnson obtained a powerful influence in the Oval Office. Expanding upon President John F. Kennedy s New Frontier programs, Johnson wanted to expand civil rights and wage war on poverty. More than fifty years later, the effects of the Great Society on American life can still be felt. Civil rights fell under the scope of Johnson s Great Society programs. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, a law that ended discrimination in the US at all levels of government

Epidemiology Obstetric Complications

Question: Discuss about theEpidemiology for Obstetric Complications. Answer: Introduction Obstetric complications imply to the problems and disorders related to pregnancy, labour pain, delivering the child and the early period of the child after birth. It could leave a long time effect on child which affects the brain development in the child. (Ishikawa Raine, 2003). It is considered as one of the major environmental risk factor which causes Schizophrenia. Many studies are conducted in this direction to find the association of complication in the pregnancy phase with the schizophrenia. It is analysed in several studies that the obstetric complication can give rise to the development of schizophrenia. (Cannon, Jones Murray, 2002). It is also observed that if a mother develops schizophrenia after the child birth, the chances of obstetric complications are less whereas in cases where the mother develops schizophrenia before child birth, the chances of obstetric complication are high. (Jablensky et al, 2005). The study conducted by Byrne et al (2007) to investigate the risk of developing schizophrenia with the exposure to conditions leading to schizophrenia. The study was a nested case control on a national level based on the Danish longitudinal registers. A nested control study is designed to observe the disease occurrence in a specified group and compared with a definite number of control who do not show the signs of the disease. This method is cost effective and with lesser relative loss in the statistical efficacy. (Ernster, 1994). They aim to examine the association on a national level using information from the registers collected. The role of confounders like the financial and social status of parents, age of parents, place of the child birth (urban or rural), citizenship of mother and genetic factor i.e. a prehistory of schizophrenia in the family. The outcome of the study expected in this case was to establish a relation between the obstetric complication and risk to schizophreni a. The method involved citizens of Denmark falling in the age group of 15 years and above. The time duration of the study was for 10 years from 1973 t0 1983. The main factor to observe in the selection was that the participants were in contact with the psychiatric facility of Denmark first time during the years 1981 to 1998 for developing ICD-8 till December 1993 or ICD-10 from January 1994 onwards. Both the type of schizophrenia was considered with a maternal identity recorded in the register. These factors were considered for the sampling. A total number of 1039 persons having schizophrenia were registered for the study with around 99% having no paternal identity and 1% with paternal identity not disclosed. 65% of the participants were male. The mean of the age of participants was 19.8. A control of 25 people randomly selected was used for each case considering the facts that they are born in same year with same sex and with no psychiatric disease history. The number of control wa s around 24,826. The database of the family and their status was obtained from the integrated database for longitudinal labour market research. The study was the analysis of the development of the disease in the selected population on exposure. The findings suggest that there is an association of the problems or complications related with pregnancy leads to the risk of developing schizophrenia. Although the role of other factors could not be observed in regards to developing the schizophrenia. They also determined the role of obstetric complication in causing maternal influenza, pre mature birth and bleeding during pregnancy etc. The study conducted by Byrne et al (2007) on the obstetric condition and risk of first admission with schizophrenia in Denmark was an attempt to examine the association of obstetric complication with schizophrenia. The study conducted also took an account of the other factors which are possible reasons to developing schizophrenia. Health of the child depends on the health of mother. If the mother is going through illness it can affect the development of the child causing the disease to develop in the child due to the genetic risk. (Suvisaari et al, 2013). Observation is the most important factor to consider in the epidemiology. Epidemiology involves the skills to recognise the causal relation of the clinical outcomes with the surgical methods and the drugs. (Hyde, 2005). Epidemiology serves the purpose of providing a basis for the formulating disease control and preventive measures. It aims at investigating the frequency and distribution of the disease taking an account of the indivi duals affected, the place, time factors and identifying the possible causes of the disease considering the causal agents, environmental condition and the host. Many explanations are for the observed experimental results are important to notice before determining the possible cause of the disease. The observed associations could be affected by Chance, Bias or Confounding. (PHAST, 2011). To prove whether the observed association between the risk factor and the disease it is required to observe the magnitude of association, consistency of the observations considering different studies on the topic. (Hennekens Buring, 1987). Chance or variable bias must be taken into account. It is important to determine the null hypothesis and calculate the P value to avoid the chances of error. (Buchan, 2000).Confounder is not the involved with association between exposure and disease. It is used to predict the disease. The distribution is unequal and confounding is done for the known studies. (Dr.Gr imes Schulz, 2002). The exposure in this case is shows relation with the outcome in the sense that when conditions causing obstetric complications were introduced, risk of schizophrenia was high. The possibility of getting a outcome before exposure was minimum as the participants were selected having no previous record of psychiatric interventions. The chances of selection bias are less as the selected participants belongs to a particular age group with an average of 19.8 years of age. The selection was based on the registered data. Possibility of measurement bias is there as the study considered the ICD-8 and ICD-10 together. Cases with only ICD-8 were excluded. Yet this cannot pose much difference on the result as there were only 26 such cases. Owing to the large cohort involved in the study, this is not of much significance. The role of confounders is well established. Some of the important factors which were included are the financial and status of the parents, place of birth, education of mother an d family psychiatric history. Although these factors pose no risk of developing schizophrenia. The study was divided into 2 periods one from 1973 to 1983 and other was from 1978 to 1983. The number of cases in the period of 1973-1983 was 700 with a control of 14,713, having no genetic psychiatric interventions history in the family. The only association with the socio-economic and demographic factors had been in case of more than 3 pregnancies compared with the control group having no previous pregnancy case. The p value was less than 1 which shows that the possibility of chance is low. Three types of non causal associations are recognised by the epidemiologist- random occurrence of the chance associations, artifactual associations and indirect associations. To examine the causal association a guideline given by Bradford hill (1965) is followed. It includes the following- Temporality is used to determine the evidences to prove that the outcome does not precede the evidence. Strength of the association is used to determine if it is causal or not. Stronger association signifies a more causal association. Replicability of the observed findings is established considering the findings from other studies. Biological plausibility is important factor to relate the consistency of the study with present biological knowledge. Cessation of exposure is important to observe the change in outcome if the exposure is removed. Dose-response relationship is to be considered to determine the magnitude of the exposure in regards to the disease occurrence. Alternative explanations should be considered before interpreting the result. Specificity is also to be considered to determine whether the effects are generalised or specific. (Lucas McMichael, 2005). Selection or measurement bias can affect the interpretation of the result. It can lead to wrong estimation of association. Exposure means the increased or decreased frequency at which a disease of interest occurs. It could also be related to the environmental factor, life style and health outcomes. Outcome is the result related to various form of exposure. The outcome may be many and different. The exposure is measured taking account of the nature of the exposure, dose, and time. (Penn State, 2016). The data for the exposure can be obtained through questionnaires which can be self administered or personal interviews. Diaries, records, biological measurements, environmental measurements can be used to collect the data. The measurement of the outcome is done by validating the data. The related errors and bias are also considered by the researcher to obtain the correct results. There is strong association between the outcome and the risk. The analysis shows that chances of getting schizophrenia are high if the obstetric conditions are there in pregnancy. Both univariate and multivariate analysis is done and the outcomes are presented in tables showing a high risk due to the exposure. The dose response relationship is there in the study as the numbers of complications are high, the risk is high. The incident risk rate with value more than 2 was considered significant. The consistency in the result is observed in both the periods and in both univariate and multivariate analysis. It is well observed and established by the researcher. The researchers have observed the previous studies and also compared their results with other scientific research and studies done in this regard. Suvisaari et al (2012) observed the relation of obstetric complication in developing schizophrenia in the offspring due to maternal history of schizophrenia. A similar study performed in Australia showed that the effect of schizophrenia have complications in pregnancy. (Jablensky et al., 2005). The study was performed in large cohort and showed positive association. A study in Sweden was to determine the risk factor of developing schizophrenia in children. Both prenatal and post natal risk factors were examined. (Hultman et al., 1999). Risk of development of schizophrenia in case of adults who were born after the obstetric conditions and development of early illness in their case was analysed by O'Callaghan et al (1992), showed that males associated with schizophrenia disease go through obstetric complications in the early phase of their l ife but there was no proper conclusion about the efficiency of the result. Biological plausibility is the analysis factor which determines that the study is biologically correct. The relevance of the study with the present knowledge in science should be established. It is used in the study by comparing the study with other scientific work on the same issue. The study presented in this article is biologically plausible as there are several studies by other scientists in this context which is well analysed by the researcher in the discussion. (Borgert et al., 2006). Schizophrenia in women can lead to several complications in pregnancy. The symptoms of the obstetric complication due to psychiatric condition like depression panic and schizophrenia is common in pregnancy. (Dr. Jaffe, 2004). Pregnancy involves higher risk of schizophrenia and vulnerability in women. (Naomi, 2007). The effects can be severe and can be observed in the child leading to abnormal development of the child's brain. The study incorporated such conditions and the various obstetric factors which can promote the risk of schizophrenia. Generalisability involves applying the study on a large population. It mainly implies to application of the study on the cases and situation which were not involved in the study. (Collis Hussey, 2003). It is important in the survey studies to justify the findings in other samples or groups. (Blanche, Durrheim Painter, 2006). Since the analysis was focused on a particular age group, the generalisability of the result is uncertain. The effect of the general population can vary from the result obtained in this study. The application of the study on general population can be effective considering the larger cohort which was involved in the study. The successful implication cannot be predicted. The group considered by the researcher in the study involved individuals belonging to age group of 15 or above. The individual were selected born during the year 1973 and 1983 having no history of Psychiatric disorder. The selected individuals were taking the facilities of Danish psychiatric centre for the first time having diagnosed with ICD-8 during the year 1981- 1998. The individuals with ICD-10 during the same time period were also included. The maternal identity was an important selection requirement. The mean age of the individuals in the study was 19.8. Although it is important to note that the study was performed on national level with a large cohort. This study was one of the largest studies with a unique method on a mass level. The promotion of such studies in this regard will prove beneficial in developing better and effective measures to control severe diseases and related outcomes. The obstetric complications can cause the development of aggression and schizophrenia in the life span of the person. Better and quality prenatal and perinatal care by the health organisations will help in reducing such complications and prevent the development of disease in the mother and the child. The future research aspect in this regard would be know about the effect of these complication on the brain development of the child and the does the schizophrenia in mother shows similar effect in the baby in future. Identification of the various associated factors which can lead to development of schizophrenia. References Blanche, M. T., Durrheim, K Painter, D. (2006). Putting design into practise. Research in practice: applied methods for the social sciences. 2nd edition. Cape Town, Africa: University of Cape Town Press (pty) ltd. Borgert et al. (2006). biological plausibility and application to risk assessment: human relevance and dose response analysis. applied pharmacology and toxicology, inc. retrieved on 25 October 2016 from https://www.apt-pharmatox.com/pdf/Borgert-et-al_2006SOT.pdf Bradford Hill, A. (1965). The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med. 58. 295-300. Buchan, I. E. (2000). Casuality. Stats direct.: statistical help. Retrieved on 19 October 2016 from https://www.statsdirect.com/help/basics/causality.html Byrne et al. (2007). Obstetric condition and risk of first admission with schizophrenia: A Danish national register based study. Schizophrenia research, 97. 51-59. Cannon, M., Jones, P. B. Murray, R. M. (2003). Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: historical and meta-analytic review. Am J Psychiatry, 159(7). 1080- 1092. Collis, J Hussey, R. (2003). Bussiness Research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. London: Macmillan Business. Dr. Grimes, D. A. Schulz, K. F. (2002). Bias and causal association in observational research. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016.S0140-6736(02)07451-2 Dr. Jaffe, J. (2004). Pregnancy pointers for women with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia.com. retrieved on 25 October 2016 from https://schizophrenia.com/schizoph/NBDpreg.html Ernster, V. L. (1994). Nested case control studies. Pubmed, 23(5). 587-590. Doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1093. Hennekens, C. H. Buring, J. E. (1987). Epidemiology in medicine. USA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Hultman et al. (1999). prenatal and perinatal risk factors for schizophrenia, affective psychosis and reactive psychosis of early onset: case-control study. BMJ. 318. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7181.421 Hyde, J. N. (2005). Observational studies. Tuft open courseware. Retrieved on 19 October 2016 from https://ocw.tufts.edu/Content/1/CourseHome/193106. Ishikawa, S. Raine, A. (2003). Obstetric complications and aggression. Encyclopaedia on early childhood development. CEECD/SKC-ECD. USA. Jablensky et al. (2005). Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal complications in a population cohort of women with schizophrenia and major affective disorders. Am J Psychiatry, 162(1). 79-91. Lucas, R. M. McMichael, A. J. (2005). Association or causation: evaluating links between environment and disease. Bulletin of the world health organisation. 83(10). Naomi, (2007). Treating schizophrenia during pregnancy. schizophrenia daily news blog. retreived on 25 October 2016 from https://www.schizophrenia.com/sznews/archives/005192.html O'Callaghan et al. (1992). Risk of schizophrenia in adults born after obstetric complications and their association with early onset of illness: a controlled study. BMJ, 305. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6864.1256. Penn State science. (2016). Exposure concepts. Epidemiological research methods. Retrieved on 20 October 2016 from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat507/node/30 Public health action support team (PHAST). (2011). Causation in epidemiology: association and causation. Health knowledge: education, CPS and Revalidation from PHAST. Retrieved on 19 October 2016 from https://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/e-learning/epidemiology/practitioners/causation-epidemiology-association-causation Suvisaari et al. (2013). Obstetric complications as risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum psychoses in offspring of mothers with psychotic disorder. Schizophr bull, 39(5). 1056-1066. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbs109.